The recovery is likely to look like a checkmark, with transactions building at a pace of about 10% each month through the end of 2021, according to the forecast by Zillow Chief Economist Svenja Gudell and her team of economists and analysts.

The steep drop in sales is spurred by overall economic uncertainty and the industry adjusting to public health orders that shut down or hindered the ways transactions have traditionally been done.

Until March, this spring was expected to be the hottest home shopping season in years, with record-low inventory and interest rates, and high buyer demand fueled by ongoing demographic trends, such as an ever-growing share of millennials entering prime first-time homebuyer age.

Those underlying dynamics still exist to fuel the recovery -- already new listings and pending sales have ticked up, as well as increasing adoption of tech tools to enable social distancing -- and others provide resilience against the potential for widespread distressed sales. So the effect on prices will be modest compared to the nearly 25% drop and five-year recovery that defined the housing-led Great Recession.

Today's forecast, based on published and proprietary macroeconomic and housing data, centers around a baseline prediction of a 4.9% decrease in United States GDP in 2020 and a subsequent 5.7% increase in 2021. Under that scenario, which Zillow believes is 70% probable, the market is expected to include:

A 2-3% drop in prices through the end of 2020, followed by a steady recovery throughout 2021.

A rapid 50-60% decline in home sales, bottoming out this spring and recovering at a pace of about 10% each month through 2021.

The forecast also includes a more pessimistic scenario (25% likelihood), which shows a 3-4% price drop with continued weakness through all of 2021.  A more optimistic scenario (5% likelihood) features a 1-2% dip in home prices through the middle of this year, followed by a robust recovery.  These projections vary based on the expected duration of the pandemic and the depth of its impact on the broader economy.

"Much uncertainty still exists, particularly with some states beginning to reopen and experts warning of a possible second wave of the coronavirus in the fall. However, housing fundamentals are strong -- much more so than they were leading into the Great Recession -- and that bodes well for housing in general," said Dr. Svenja Gudell, Zillow's chief economist. "Despite the difficulties, we're seeing several signs that there is still a good amount of demand for housing, and buyers, sellers and agents are growing more comfortable moving transactions forward where possible. For those who need to sell, buyers are out there, and there are ways to embrace technology and practice social distancing to ensure a safe process."

According to the most recent Zillow Home Price Expectations Survey, fielded in January prior to the U.S. coronavirus outbreak, a panel of more than 100 economists and experts had been expecting home prices to rise 3.3% in 2020, on average, and another 2.7% in 2021.